Social Security is accessible to everyone and is the responsibility of the Portuguese State. Even if you are an irregular migrant, you can register at Social Security, although you will not be eligible for social benefits.
Social Security Number (NISS) On the Spot for Migrants
If you are a migrant and wish to work for an employer or as a self-employed person (recibos verdes), you can apply for a NISS at any service point in the country.
If you are an employee, your employer or their legal representative must make the application.
If you are self-employed, you must submit:
- Form RV 1000-DGSS – Registration/Classification of self-employed worker
- Form RV 1006-DGSS – Foreign Citizen – Additional Identification
- Valid civil identification document (e.g. passport) and a simple copy thereof.
- Certificate of Self-Employment Registration (issued by the Tax Office)
Note: In the case of the COVID-19 pandemic, all documentation must be scanned and sent to This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
For more information, you can consult the Social Security guide for the On-the-Spot NISS request.
Social Security Benefits
Social Security offers a wide range of benefits, and we will introduce you to some of the key ones below. If you want to learn more, feel free to contact us.
Social Insertion Income (RSI)
RSI is intended for people living in extreme poverty and consists of a cash benefit that ensures that their basic needs are met and a contractual integration programme between the beneficiary and the Social Security, which provides for the social, labour and community integration of the beneficiary.
You can apply for this support if you:
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Hold Portuguese nationality, or have legal residence in Portugal.
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Live in extreme poverty.
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Agree to take part in the integration contract.
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Are over 18, unless pregnant, married, in a civil partnership for more than two years, or caring for minors or dependents with functional diversity.
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Are registered at the local Job Centre, unemployed, and able to work.
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Allow Social Security to access information needed to assess your socio-economic situation.
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Have not voluntarily resigned from your last job without just cause in the past year.
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Are not in preventive detention or serving a prison sentence (applications allowed 45 days before release).
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Are not institutionalized in non-temporary state-funded facilities (applications allowed 45 days before discharge).
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Do not receive social support under asylum or refugee status schemes.
To apply for RSI, you should go to a Social Security service desk. You can check this guide for the documents required to submit your application or contact us if you need help.
Request for Legal Protection
You can apply for legal protection when you cannot afford to access the law and the courts. This application includes: legal consultation with a solicitor and legal aid, which is the exemption from court fees and other costs associated with the proceedings.
The following individuals are eligible for legal protection:
- Portuguese and European Union citizens.
Foreigners and apatrides with valid residence in a European Union member state.
- Foreigners without valid residence in a European Union member state, if the laws of their countries of origin grant the same right to Portuguese citizens.
- People who have their domicile or habitual residence in a Member State of the European Union other than the Member State where the proceedings will take place (cross-border disputes).
- Individuals who can demonstrate that they do not have the financial means to cover the costs of legal proceedings, hiring a lawyer, or related expenses.
To apply for legal protection, complete form PJ 1 – DGSS – Application.
National Social Emergency line – 144
The National Social Emergency line is a free public service, available nationwide and 24/7. It provides immediate assistance for situations requiring urgent social protection. The service is available to anyone — simply call 144.
Priority is given to individuals and/or families experiencing:
Social Security Direct
Social Security Direct is an online channel that allows individuals and businesses to access Social Security services without visiting a service desk.
To use it, you only need your NISS and access password. You can also log in using your Citizen Card (if you have one) and a card reader.
To obtain your access password, simply register on Social Security Direct, and a code will be sent to the address you provide.
